Human rights are a fundamental principle in the existence and functioning of the
United Nations (UN), the Council of Europe (CoE) and the European Union (EU), with each of these organizations having drawn up documents to codify this. For example, in 1948, the UN adopted the Universal Declaration of Human Rights; The Council of Europe adopted in 1950 the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), on the basis of which a mechanism for the protection of proclaimed rights was created, namely the European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR); the European Union, for its part, adopted the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights annexed to the Treaty of Lisbon, thus making the Charter legally binding on all Member States.
The European Convention on Human Rights, as well as the case-law of the ECtHR, explicitly exclude any form of discrimination against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex people (LGBTI), and the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights excludes any discrimination based on sexual orientation. This means that in all EU Member States, homosexual people, among other affected groups in society, should have the same rights and life conditions as all other people. However, practice shows that this is not the case in many countries. One of the countries in the EU where the rights of LGBTI people remain
neglected, and often deliberately violated, is Bulgaria.
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